In 1585 W Prid published The glasse of vaine-glorie – a translation of Speculum Peccatoris, a book doubtfully attributed to St. Augustine of Hippo. The real originator of a much later manuscript could have been one of the ‘church fathers’ of the 4th or 5th century, who would have regarded Jerusalem as the Queen of the Mother Church. The poem that Prid called the Psalme of Sion inspired a number of broadsides and several modern hymns, paraphrasing it. The carol below is a ‘literal’ selection of seven of its forty-four stanzas. Vaughan Williams found a tune for it in William Chappell’s Popular Music of Olden Times (1856). The tune was popular towards the end of the 16th century and is to be found in both Queen Elizabeth’s and Lady Neville’s Virginal Books. With Vaughan Williams’s harmony it was called St. Austin and set to a hymn more loosely derived from the Psalm of Sion in The English Hymnal.